Marife Dini Araştırmalar Dergisi
Yazarlar: Murat TALA
Konular:Edebiyat
DOI:10.33420/marife.632707
Anahtar Kelimeler:Arabic Language and Rhetoric,Maḍjāz,‘Alāqah,Linguistics,Relevance
Özet: The science of Arabic eloquence (belāghah) lays the ground for many of the debates that take place over such issues as meaning, interpretation and referent. Some of these debates occur over the issue of ‘alāqah, that is relationship or link. The ‘alāqah is the connection between the connotation and denotation of a word, that is, between its lexical and contextual meaning. The metaphors (majāz) are not set up without the‘alāqah that establishes a connection between the literal and metaphorical sense of a word. The ‘alāqahs of metaphors are regarded as one of the most important factors that impact the process of understanding and interpretation in communication. The scholars of Arabic eloquence and Islamic legal theoreticians (uṣul al-fiqh) share a similar approach to the matter of ‘alāqah. Yet, there appear two different approaches as a result of the endeavors to determine and categorize the ‘alāqahs. One may categorize them as “integrative approach” (basic/upper ‘alāqahs) and “divisive ‘alāqahs” (general ‘alāqahs). The reason why some scholars limited the ‘alāqahs of metaphors with such numbers as two, five and nine is to facilitate the comprehension of the subject of ‘alāqah, setting forth the relationship of scope that relies on the transitivity between the ‘alāqahs. Those debates over the ‘alāqahs of metaphors are treated in the chapters of metaphor and figure of speech. The issue is also covered in the discussions of Arabic Islamic legal literature about the wording (alfāẓ). Some systematic works are written about the lingual metaphors. Of such eminent works, one should mention al-‘Alāqah by Maḥmūd al-Antāqī. This study is intended to focus on the ‘alāqahs of the lingual metaphors, attempting at quantitatively and qualitatively assessing the approach of the ‘alāqah literature to the subject-matter of ‘alāqah. The study first clarifies such subjects as metaphor, metonym, ‘alāqah and contextual link (qarīnah). Afterwards, it provides information about Maḥmūd al-Antāqī and his works, focusing on his al-‘Alāqah in particular. It elaborates upon the commentaries and annotations that are written upon the al-‘Alāqah. And then it addresses the ‘alāqahs mentioned in this work, assessing them in two categories: basic or upper ‘alāqahs that are identified on the basis of “integrative approach” and general ‘alāqahs that are determined on the basis of “divisive ‘alāqahs”. It compares the ‘alāqahs cited by al-Antāqī with those occurring in some other works of the same genre, setting forth the impact that the factor of ‘alāqah has on the comprehension of metaphors.