Black Sea Journal of Agriculture

Yazarlar: Fatma Nur ABAYLI

Konular:Mühendislik, Ziraat

Anahtar Kelimeler:Gen,Animal breeding,Molecular biology,Marker assisted selection

Özet: The developments in molecular biology in the last 30 years have made significant contributions to the selection of livestock and to the speed of genetic progress. Today, in the livestock sector, molecular markers have begun to find common application areas in defining the desired yield characteristics of animals, in parent identification and in the control of genetic diseases. The real use of molecular markers in farm animals is to determine quantitative character loci for genomic selection applications. The use of molecular markers in predicting the future yield performance of animals provides important contributions to animal breeding. The application areas of molecular markers for animal breeding are divided into two main categories; practical or short term and long term. Practical or short-term applications include identification of the individual with respect to the desired character, parental assignment, control of genetic diseases and prediction of genetic distance. Long-term applications include genomic mapping, quantitative characterization, and genetic diversity. Molecular markers can speed up selection in terms of desired characteristics by removing some of the limitations of conventional breeding methods. Animals that do not exhibit desired yield characteristics with molecular markers can be selected early on and only characters expressed in single sex (milk yield) can be detected in both sexes and used in a selective manner. The use of selected spermatozoa, particularly by genomic selection, can help to ensure rapid and effective genetic progress across the country. As a result, genetic capacities of animals can be increased in a shorter time with these methods, and significant contribution can be made to the country's economy.

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