İDEALKENT
Yazarlar: Ayşe Duygu KAÇAR
Konular:-
Anahtar Kelimeler:Conservation,IBA Emscher Park,Industrial Culture,Industrial Heritage,Industrial Archaeology,Ruhr,Urban Identity,Urban Memory,Urban Conservation
Özet: The coal mining and steel industries became determinants of European countries’ economic development in the early twentieth century. In fact, these sectors came to represent economic progress and urbanization with the Industrial Revolution. However, beginning in the late 1960s, new energy sources as well as developing information technologies altered the world economy, and heavy industry lost its importance for industrial countries. Nevertheless, these countries, which had led in industry, decided to conserve their industrial buildings and their sites as cultural assets. Germany, one of the leading countries, was the first to conserve an entire industrial region as evidence of a period. The Ruhr region, which was highly urbanized and industrialized in the twentieth century, became the subject of the IBA Emscher Park Project, in a search for solutions for the obsolete forms of modernity. The IBA project was founded in 1988 after hundreds of thousands of workers left the region. Soon after its establishment, in 1989, the project addressed reconstructing the landscape. However, the topography had been largely destroyed with the excavations and in-fills, and there was no way of returning to the original landscape. Accordingly, proposing a new model for this region for the new century became a tool of highlighting the industrial culture and the cultural identity of the region. This paper discusses the Ruhr region, which was pronounced “the Cultural Capital of Europe” in 2010 for its industrial culture, as a model for conserving post- industrial sites in Turkey. The work performed in the Ruhr region between the years 1989 and 1999 and its repercussions today inspired many countries. Therefore, the philosophy of the Internationale Bauausstellung (International Building Exhibition-IBA) Emscher Park Project and its current impacts in the Ruhr is elaborated through the case of Zeche Zollverein in order to shed light on possible transformations in Turkey.