Mersin Photogrammetry Journal
Yazarlar: Mustafa ULUKAVAK, Abdulkadir MEMDUHOĞLU, Halil İbrahim ŞENOL, Nizar POLAT
Konular:-
Anahtar Kelimeler:UAV,Photogrammetry,Archaeology,Documentation,Sanlıurfa
Özet: There are many archaeological sites in the world from past civilizations. These areas, which are cultural heritage sites, have suffered severe destruction and deformation because of humanitarian interventions such as earthquakes and floods or wars. These demolitions and deformations continue today. Therefore, archaeologists try to document all objects of potential value that they uncover as a result of excavation. Documentation is also necessary for the identification and interpretation of the found objects, as well as for restoration and reconstruction which are possible after archaeological excavation. For this reason, the documentation process is as sensitive as possible, without damaging the objects and requires the correct way. At this point, recently, fast and practical, very high-resolution images, low cost and repetitive use due to the unmanned aircraft (UAV) began to be preferred in documentation studies. In this study, UAV usage is given in the archaeological excavations of Urfa Castle. It is estimated that the fortress of Urfa was built on a Neolithic settlement mound, dating back to 9500 BC, and it is estimated that the last building of the castle, which is currently standing, is between the 6th and 11th centuries. Within the scope of the study, the litter was prepared by using UAV for the archaeological excavations of the Urfa Fortress located in the historic Balıklı Göl plateau in the centre of Şanlıurfa province and the flight repetitions were planned during the excavation. In the first step of the study, the entire fortress area in 4 columns from a height of 80m was photographed with UAV. The orthophoto produced using photographs with high terrestrial resolution (1.3 cm) was divided into 10x10m squares and shared with the archaeology team. A second UAV flight was carried out at a height of 50m after the excavations started. By using two UAV flight data, the total volume of soil uncovered in the first phase of the excavation area was calculated and the first visual documentation of the excavation area was obtained.