Türk Bilimsel Derlemeler Dergisi

Yazarlar: Kiarash Afshar Pour REZAEİEH, Parizad VAZİRİ

Konular:-

Anahtar Kelimeler:Saffron (Crocus sativus L.),In vitro micropropagation,Organogensis

Özet: Saffron, the costliest spice of the world, is an autumn-flowering, triploid male-sterile plant propagated vegetatively by means ofcorms. Low multiplication rates and fungal infestation of corms reduce the productivity and quality, thereby restraining the availabilityof planting material. Hence, in vitro propagation through organogensis and\or cormogensis is an attractive means of large-scaleproduction of disease-free cormlets and also a tool to facilitate a better understanding of the bio-chemical synthesis of Saffron secondryproducts as well. Proliferation ability is dependant on genotype, explants, culture initiation time and copmisition of the culture medium.It has been found that a high level of auxin-type growth regulating substances favored cell cultures of the crop, while low levels ofcytokinin may have diverse effects. Moreover, the medium solidified with cytokinins, particularly zeatin and the auxin 2,4-D areessential for regular bud in vitro development. Microsurgery of apical buds followed by ethylene or ethaphon treatment increased thecormogenic nodules and corm production, respectively. On the other hand, ethylen and ethaphon pretreatments, though affecting cormproduction positively, inhibit leaf development. In the studies of direct adventitious shoot regeneration from ovary explants, full strenghtMS medium supplemented with NAA and BA produced the best response towards callogenesis with highest shoot number per ovary. onthe whole, the idealist induction toward shoot growth both in terms of leaf lenght and number, is on the medium with 0.54 µM NAA and2.22 µM BA. Complementary studies are in progress to optimize maturation and germination stages of mentioned segments.

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