Türk Bilimsel Derlemeler Dergisi

Yazarlar: Gülgün GÜNDÜZ

Konular:-

Anahtar Kelimeler:Aging,Longevity,Male,Female,Biological mechanisms.

Özet: For humans and animals, gender does’nt only have effects on physical characteristics, but also have effects on the lifespan. Genderdifference of longevity is a kind of challenging conception. According to the information taken from the researches done in wild andcaptive populations, there may be many gender differences patterns. Sometimes females and sometimes males may be more stronger. Butconsidering the average longevity, females live longer than males in wild vertabrates and mammals. In humans especially in developed anddeveloping countries, women live evidently longer than males. But the paradox is that whereas women have low mortality rates, they havemore physical illnesses than males. Reasons for the difference in longevity may be endogenous differences such as genes, sex hormonesand reproduction physiology and/or potential modifier exogen differences such as lifestyle, health habits, exercise, nutrition. Biologicalmechanisms of these differences in longevity may include more active female immune function (autoimmunity), protector effect ofestrogens (hormonal patterns), second X chromosome compensation (genetic factors, telomere lenght), poor signal flow of growthhormone and insulin like growth factor-1 (signal pathways) and oxidative stresss in aging/illnesses.

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