Uluslararası İnsan ve Sanat Araştırmaları Dergisi
Yazarlar: Nazan OSKAY
Konular:Beşeri Bilimler, Ortak Disiplinler
Anahtar Kelimeler:Culture,Osman Hamdi Bey,Woman,Textile,Clothes.
Özet: Considering the fact that each society has a clothing style incorporating its own unique cultural characteristics, clothing serves as an important reference showing how a society is shaped in line with the cultural and political conditions of its era. In this regard, clothing could be mentioned as one of the best indicators of the transformation that took place through the reforms in the 19th century Ottoman Period. Although the modernization in the Ottoman social structure did not allow women's visibility in the public sphere to a great extent, the Tanzimat era turned the scales, allowing the Ottoman women to closely follow the developments in European fashion. Textiles, which are an important carrier of cultural codes, and their outcomes the clothing, have also been the focus of attention of artists. It is seen that textiles and clothing were used to a great extent as cultural elements, particularly in the painting works. In this context, the paintings of Osman Hamdi Bey, who left his mark on the 19th century Ottoman period with his multifaceted personality, are important in terms of conveying the cultural traces of the period. The works of Osman Hamdi Bey, who skillfully addressed all kinds of details about the Eastern culture in his paintings, were dominated by an understanding based on observation and document. The artist, who distinguished himself from the European Orientalist painters in this respect, made significant contributions to Ottoman art and culture. Unlike the dismissive attitudes of the European Orientalists towards the East, Osman Hamdi Bey, who avoided elements such as eroticism and nudity in his works, portrayed himself or his relatives mostly in eastern clothes in his figure compositions with Orientalism theme. Placing the Ottoman women who were more involved in social life particularly with the idea of Westernization/Modernization at the center of most of his works, Osman Hamdi Bey depicted them by addressing them along with many social changes. For this reason, when looking at Osman Hamdi's paintings, the codes of the period can be decoded in the details of textiles and women’s clothing. Based on the literature data, this study discussed the cultural dimensions of textiles and clothing, which is a textile product, and attempted to investigate the developments in the social domain in the 19th-century Ottoman period. In the article, textile, which is a materialized element of cultural identity, was evaluated through the works of Osman Hamdi Bey, an important artist of the Ottoman Westernization period. While the interaction of textile material and clothing form, which was used in the paintings of Osman Hamdi Bey, was explained with visual examples, it was also aimed at interpreting this interaction as a means of cultural identity and expression.