Business & Management Studies: An International Journal
Yazarlar: Suzan URGAN
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Özet: LITERATURE The study aims to reveal the relationship between conscientious intelligence and life satisfaction and job performance. The study was conducted with the members of the Search and Rescue Association (AKUT), especially those engaged in voluntary activities. Conscientious intelligence is a concept that has just been introduced to the literature. The concept is defined as the individual having a special level of awareness as a responsible person and acting with this responsibility. Efforts are made to reveal the effects of the activities of individuals engaged in voluntary activities on their own life satisfaction and the effect of increasing their performance in their main work outside of these activities. In the literature review, only one study was found between conscientious intelligence and job performance. There is no study investigating the relationship between conscientious intelligence and life satisfaction. It is anticipated that the conscientious competence of individuals will reflect positively on the business performance. Whether there is a relationship between conscientious intelligence and life satisfaction is also an important issue. Hence, the research is a very specific research that will fill the gap in the literature and add a new dimension to organizational behavior issues. DESIGN AND METHOD Eskisehir Search and Rescue Association (AKUT) members constitute the universe of the study, which is an applied causal research type and design. The life satisfaction levels of AKUT members, who engage in volunteer activities, and whether the activities they have done voluntarily affect their performance in their actual work constitute the problematic of the study. It is stated that Akut members total about 90 people in Eskisehir. The sample consists of 50 Akut volunteers participating in the study. In the study, simple random sampling method was used and 50 usable questionnaires were obtained. It is a scale of conscientious intelligence developed by Aktı and others in 2017. The second scale is the work performance scale developed by Dogan (2005) by adding 8 task performance questions of Goodman and Svyantek (1999) to the work performance questionnaire of Smith, Organ and Near (1983). The third scale is the life satisfaction scale developed by Diener, Emmons, Larsen, and Griffin (1985) (Bekmezci&Mert, 2018) and adapted to Turkish by Bekmezci and Mert (2018). Before starting the analysis of the data in the study, Cronbach's Alpha values were examined in order to measure the reliability of the scales used. Cronbach's Alpha coefficients is 0.867 for the conscientious intelligence scale, 0.798 for the life satisfaction scale, and 0.865 for the job performance scale. The collected data were analyzed with the SPSS 22.0 program. According to the normality analysis performed to determine the analysis method (parametric-nonparametric) to be used in the first part of the study, the skewness value (-0.811) and kurtosis value (0.826) of the conscientious intelligence scale, the skewness value of the life satisfaction scale (-0.168) and the kurtosis value (0.036) and the skewness value of the performance scale (-0.008) and the kurtosis value (0.049) were determined. Since the results are between -1 and +1, it is assumed that the data are normally distributed. Regression analysis was conducted to find the effect of the participants' conscience intelligence on life satisfaction and job performance (task and contextual). Three different variables were used in this study, which is a relational screening model, namely, conscientious intelligence (our independent variable), life satisfaction (dependent variable), and task-contextual performance (dependent variable). The effect of conscientious intelligence on life satisfaction and performance was investigated in the study. The hypotheses listed below were tested within the scope of the research. H1: Conscientious intelligence of employees positively affects their life satisfaction. H2: Conscientious intelligence of employees positively affects their task performance. H3: Conscientious intelligence of employees positively affects their contextual performance. FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION For the first hypothesis of the study, a simple linear regression analysis was performed to determine how much the participants' conscientious intelligence affected their life satisfaction. According to simple linear regression analysis results, the effect of conscientious intelligence on life satisfaction was found to be statistically insignificant (F = 3.291, p = 0.076> .05). Therefore, the first hypothesis "Conscientious intelligence of employees positively affects their life satisfaction" hypothesis was rejected. The second hypothesis of the study was to determine how much the participants' conscientious intelligence affected their task performance. According to the simple linear regression analysis results to test this hypothesis, the effect of employees' conscientious intelligence on their task performance is statistically significant (F = 8.501, p =, 005˂05). The adjusted R² value is 0.133. According to this value, 13% in task performance. Accordingly, the second hypothesis, “The conscientious intelligence of employees affects their task performance positively.” According to the results of the simple linear regression analysis for the third hypothesis of the study, the effect of the conscientious intelligence of the employees on their contextual performance was statistically (F = 12.247, p =, 001˂05). The adjusted R² value is 0.187. According to this value, it is seen that the 18% variance in the contextual performance level depends on the level of conscientious intelligence. the hypothesis of “effects in the direction” was accepted. According to the results of the research, it contains parallel results with the study conducted by Boz et al. (2019), which is the only study in the literature. Boz et al. (2019) found strong relationships between conscientious intelligence and job performance in their study. CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION AND LIMITATIONS As a result of the research, it was revealed that the conscientious intelligence levels of Akut members were effective in increasing their task performance (R²: 0.133). Accordingly, a one-unit increase in the level of conscientious intelligence increases task performance by 0.335 units. Likewise, it was revealed that the level of conscientious intelligence also affects contextual performance (R²: 0.187). Accordingly, 1 unit increase in the level of conscientious intelligence increases contextual performance by 0.375 units. In addition, it was observed that conscientious intelligence did not have an effect on life satisfaction for Akut members. These results contain valuable results in that they show that voluntary activities increase business performance. The conscientious intelligence of Akut members turns into a performance enhancing feature in the main works they do. It is important that such voluntary activities are recommended and implemented by businesses. In addition, due to the performance-enhancing feature of conscientious intelligence, it will be a strategic factor for businesses to choose individuals equipped with conscientious intelligence when choosing personnel. It is predicted that the study brings valuable data to the literature, with the outputs obtained as a result of the analysis, in terms of dealing with a subject that has recently been added to the literature as conscientious intelligence. Based on this study, conducting other studies with population and sample differences and method changes will also contribute to the literature.