ESTÜDAM Halk Sağlığı Dergisi
Yazarlar: Muammer TÜN, Emrah PEKKAN, Onur KURT, Hakan UYGUÇGİL
Konular:Tıp
DOI:10.35232/estudamhsd.534880
Anahtar Kelimeler:Individuals with Disabilities,Spatial Data,Accessing,Geographic Information Systems
Özet: The international disasters database (UNISDR / EM-DAT) puts the number of people affected by natural disasters in 2018 at 61,772,617. According to (1), people with disabilities account for somewhere in the region of 15% of the global population. Despite being the most vulnerable group during emergencies and disasters, people with disabilities tend to be overlooked in risk mitigation efforts, making it vital that solutions be developed for them within the framework of international conventions. In Disaster Management, efforts to identify the area and population affected by the disaster are important factors in Crisis Management, and identifying danger zones and the segments of society who would be at the greatest risk in the event of a disaster in advance can be considered the first step in damage mitigation and lessening the impact of a disaster. This study approaches the issue of accessibility among individuals with special needs during a disaster using a geographic information system-based approach. A two-way accessibility analysis is made of the level of access to service points and the delivery of services to disaster victims, providing valuable base data for risk mitigation efforts. This study has associated addresses of individuals with disabilities in Eskişehir with geographic location information (latitude and longitude), bringing the data together in a database, together with other attributes. Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis techniques were used to store, query and analyze the data. Using GIS and network analysis methods, the fastest routes to emergency assembly points were identified for intellectual disabilitity, physical disability, hearing disabilitiy, visual disability. To this end, the Service Area network analysis method was used to establish accessibility area on the road network that would allow the focus population group to reach disaster assembly points within specific time periods, and the numbers and locations of the individuals with disabilities in these areas were identified. The results were interpreted through the creation of digital maps.