Türk Bilimsel Derlemeler Dergisi

Yazarlar: D. IŞIK, G. ÖKMEN

Konular:-

Anahtar Kelimeler:Methane,Microorganisms

Özet: Population of the world increase rapidly. The demand of the world economy for electrical and thermal energy in over 88% is coveredfrom non-renewable resources, mainly petroleum and natural gas. According to forecasts, the demand for fuels used for energy productionwill be further increased. Methane is the major component (95- 98%) of natural gas. Methane, is created both in the natural environment andthrough various human activities. Derived from the decay of organic material, methane is easily produced and abundant. Unlike fossil fuels,which are formed deep underground after being subjected to high heat and pressure over millions of years. Methane is renewable energysource. Similar to natural gas, methane has high energy content and is cleaner burning than coal or oil. Examples of methanogenic habitatsare freshwater environments (sediments, wetlands, swamps, paddy fields etc.), intestinal tracts of higher animals and insects, landfills andanoxic bioreactors. In methanogenic environments organic matter is degraded by associations of fermenting, acetogenic and methanogenicbacteria. Methanogenic bacteria are strict anaerobes at the end of anaerobic food chains, using H2 plus CO2 or formate as common carbonand energy source. These microorganisms are particularly sensitive to changes in temperature and pH, their development being inhibited by ahigh level of volatile fatty acids and other compounds. This review provides an basic information to methane producing microorganisms.

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