Uluslararası Anadolu Ziraat Mühendisliği Bilimleri Dergisi

Yazarlar: Fatih KILLI, Tahsin BEYCİOĞLU

Konular:Agronomi

Anahtar Kelimeler:Oilseed,Crude oil,Production,Problem

Özet: Oilseeds are the most important raw material source of the oil, feed, chemical and energy sectors. Due to the oil, protein, carbohydrate, mineral substances and vitamins it contains in its seeds, it has an important role in human and animal nutrition and in the energy sector for biodiesel production. Soybean, sunflower, cottonseed, rapeseed, peanut, sesame, safflower, castor oil, poppy, flax, hemp, jojoba, corn, olive, palm and coconut are the most widely used oilseeds in the world. In our country, sunflower, cottonseed, soybean, peanut, poppy, sesame, safflower, rapeseed, corn and olive are the important products obtained from vegetable oil. Among these products, olive, corn and cottonseed which are not oil plants, are important in terms of contributing to the country’s vegetable oil industry. Oil seeds and vegetable oils have an important role in world trade. 185-190 billion tons of oilseeds and 85-90 million tons of vegetable oil, whose total financial value is approximately 320 billion dollars, are subject to trade in the world. According to 2017 data, world oil seed production was 575 milliontons and crude oil production was 194 million tons. In the same period, 3.8 million tons of oilseed production in Turkey, while crude oil production was 850 thousand tons of seeds from native. Inadequate production of oilseed and crude oil increases the import of oilseed, crude oil and oilseed meal from abroad. The last three years (2015-2017) according to the average oilseeds Turkey, in return for crude oil and oil cake imports has paid 3.5 billion dollars. Considering our country's current population (82.3 million) and population growth rate (1.5%), the importance of oilseed production is obvious when considering the need for future vegetable and vegetable oil use. For this reason, it is important to plan the production of vegetable oil seed and to evaluate the existing production potential inour country and to solve the existing production problems. Our oilseed production is faced with political problems in general, specific problems related to the product type and climate and soil conditions of the region where it is grown. Political problems can be solved by establishing a good balance between production quantity, product price, support and incentives, and special problems can be solved by supporting the improvement studies for the breeding and cultivation technique with high yield and oil content.

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