Rusya Araştırmaları Dergisi
Yazarlar: Hatice KARIMOV
Konular:Tarih
Anahtar Kelimeler:Turkestan Governorate General,Military-Public Administrative System,Volost,Volost Administration,Syezd
Özet: The military-public administrative system in Turkestan was put into effect by the temporary statute regarding the administration of Sir Derya and Yedisu Oblasts in July 11, 1867. According to that system, all civilian authority in Oblast and Uyezd level was relegated to military officers and the rural populace was governed by the Volost administrators and Aul Aksakals, who, while elected by the natives, were subject to approbation of the local (Russian) administration in Tashkent. The Russian administration believed that, by the retention of the Volost and Aul administration, the spread of discontent with “foreign” power, as a threat, could be prevented. At the same time the local administrations would be used as a means for the dissemination of the sense of Russian rule among the populace. The chief figure of the colonial rule was the Volst administrator and thorcıd ıdeir actions played an important role in the administrative organisation of the local populace. The Russian administration used the office of Volost administrator office especially to create a layer of people conforming to their policies and loyal to their rule; and the colonial system itself legally laid out that function of the Volost administrator based on the reforms of 1867-68. With other reforms, the Volost administrator gained the function of carrying out administrative and fiscal court rulings. Due to the aforementioned properties of Volost administration, in the present paper I initially discussed the procedure of the founding of Volosts and the establishment of the office of Volost administration among nomadic populace based on the temporary statute proposal of 1867. After that, examining the not enacted statute proposals of 1871-73 and 1883 regarding the administration of the Turkestan Governorate General, I sought to lay out the shifts therein pertaining to election systems and duties of administrators, as an indicator of the political objectives of the regional administration. Since it remained in force until 1917, I examined the Statute Regarding the Administration of the Turkestan Krai of 1886 as pertaining to the office of Volost administrator. Finally, I touched upon the reflections to the daily life of the new election system based upon the inspection report of Senator F. Girs as a demagogical ploy of the Russian government.